Ratti रत्ति was a Universal Weight Measurement System in the world 5000 Years ago

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Ratti रत्ति or Jequirity bean, (Abrus precatorius), also called rosary pea, or Indian licorice, was the base of

entire Ancient India’s weight measurement system 5000 years ago.

1 Masha माशा (=8 Ratti ) weighs 0.89 gm a fundamental unit upon which entire measurement system was built.

Ratti (0.11 gm) is found in the world (dotted) with almost same weight making it IDEAL to serve as a standard unit of measurement.

Recent studies by Tata Institute proves tht Harappan weights are highly standardised with <6 % standard deviation.
The base 0.89 gm (Masha) was

lowest weight. The commonly found weights were in the ratio 3000: 1600: 300: 200: 150: 60: 32: 16: 8: 4: 2: 1

harappa.com/sites/default/…

Weight of 500+ various weight found at Harappan sites remained unchanged 4 700 years
PS: 𝗯𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆 weights (Octenal) used 4 small quantities (eg carnelian, gold etc. ) while 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗹 weights were used for of larger objects such as wheat, rice
jstor.org/stable/4171634…

The other weight standards were Egyptian’s contemporary to Harappan standards.

Egyptians used decimally denominated weights such as 10:20:40:50:100:200 but not as accurately as Indus standards did.

jstor.org/stable/4171634…

Another weight system existed in Ur (Mesopotamia). Ur used sexagecimal weights measurement system.

60 sheckels 1 minas
60 minas = 1 talent
1 Ur Mina was equal to 0.375286 Dilmun Minas

jstor.org/stable/4200159…

the equation was decoded when Geoffrey 1970 interpreted the tablet from UR 1800 BCE which equates the Dilmun weight to UR.

It was also found Dilmun followed Indus valley system and probably intermediary to both weighing systems.

Ratti as a standard measurement weights continued to be used during Mauryan and Pre-Mauryan periods.

Satamana coin avg weight were 100 Rattis i.e. 11-12 g Mauryan Karshpana avg weight were 32 rattis-3.5 g

An ancient scientific measurement system which standardized trades for thousand years accurately across the continent was buried under time warp for the need to standardize everything.

India standardized its measurement system based on International system of Units b/w 1955-1962. Indian Parliament passed “Standards of Weights and Measures Act” in December 1956 effective 1 October 1958

metric system | Definition, Facts, & HistoryMetric system, international decimal system of weights and measures, based on the meter for length and the kilogram for mass, that was adopted in France in 1795 and is now used officially in almost al…https://www.britannica.com/science/metric-system-measurement

7a
Src: Indian Ocean In Antiquity
By Reade

Ratti in National Museum, Delhi

Another phrase 16 सोलह अन्ना सच (or 16 Anna = 100%) is akin to weight measurement system existed in #harrapan civilisation

4000-5000 years ago.

Harappans were using a binary system 16th ratio of smallest to most common weight. harappa.com/slide/weights-

The various Cubical weights conform to the standard Harappan binary weight system The smallest weight in this series is 0.856 grams & the most common weight is approximately 13.7 grams, which is in the 16th ratio.

In the large weights, the system become a decimal increase where the largest weight is 100 times the weight of the 16th ratio in the binary system. These weights were found in recent excavations at #Harappa.

Src

doi.org/10.15468/dl.5k…
sciencedirect.com/topics/agricul…

DownloadGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility. Free and Open Access to Biodiversity Data.https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.5kziyf

https://www.harappa.com/sites/default/files/pdf/Harappan%20Weights.pdf